New York City Community Boards: History and Governance
The governance of New York City relies on a localized system of advisory bodies known as Community Boards. These boards serve as a vital link between residents and the city government, ensuring that local voices are heard in the decision-making processes that shape the urban landscape.
The Evolution of Community Planning
The origins of this system date back to 1951 with the establishment of the Community Planning Councils in the Borough of Manhattan. These councils were designed to provide a structured way for residents to participate in the planning of their neighborhoods.
In 1963, a revision of the New York City Charter expanded this model. The Community Planning Councils were extended to the outer boroughs, where they became known as Community Planning Boards, eventually evolving into the current Community Boards.
The 1975 Charter Revision and ULURP
A significant transformation occurred during the 1975 revision of the New York City Charter. This update formalized the structure of local governance by setting the total number of Community Districts and Boards at 59. To ensure operational efficiency, the city also established the position of the district manager for these community districts.
Perhaps the most impactful change in 1975 was the creation of the Uniform Land Use Review Procedure (ULURP). ULURP is a standardized process that grants community boards the formal authority to review land use proposals. This includes reviewing zoning actions—the laws that dictate how land can be used—and special permits for development.
Manhattan District Overview
Within the borough of Manhattan, the system is managed under the leadership of the Borough President. Currently, Manhattan is divided into 12 distinct districts to ensure granular representation of its diverse neighborhoods.
| Borough | Borough President | Number of Districts | Max B.P. Appointees | Max Total Appointees |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manhattan | Mark Levine | 12 | 300 | 600 |
Key Facts
- Origin: Started as Community Planning Councils in Manhattan in 1951.
- Expansion: Extended to outer boroughs in 1963.
- Scale: There are 59 Community Districts/Boards across New York City.
- Authority: The 1975 Charter revision introduced ULURP, allowing boards to review zoning and special permits.
- Manhattan Capacity: Manhattan consists of 12 districts with a maximum of 600 total appointees.
Frequently Asked Questions
When were the first community planning bodies established?
The first Community Planning Councils were established in the Borough of Manhattan in 1951.
What is the Uniform Land Use Review Procedure (ULURP)?
ULURP is a process created by the 1975 New York City Charter revision that gives community boards the authority to review land use proposals, such as special permits and zoning actions.
How many Community Boards exist in New York City?
There are 59 Community Districts and Boards across the city.
Who manages the community districts?
The 1975 Charter revision established the position of the district manager to oversee the community districts.
How many districts are located in Manhattan?
Manhattan is divided into 12 community districts.