al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf

Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik: The Seventh Umayyad Caliph

Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik: The Seventh Umayyad Caliph Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik (c. 675 – 717) was a pivotal figure of the Umayyad Caliphate, serving as its seventh caliph from February 7...