Wells River Bridge: A History of Rail and Road Connectivity
The crossing at the Connecticut River has served as a vital link for transportation for over two centuries. From early wooden structures to industrial-era rail bridges, the evolution of the Wells River Bridge reflects the changing needs of regional transit and the growth of the American railroad system.
The Early Era of the Crossing
The history of this crossing began in 1805 with the construction of the first bridge. As transportation needs evolved, the Boston, Concord, & Montreal Railroad introduced a more complex structure in 1853. This version was a double-decked wooden Burr truss covered bridge—a design that combines an arch with a truss to provide superior strength and stability. During this period, the railroad operated the bridge and collected tolls from highway users who crossed the river.
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The 1903 Reconstruction and Transition
By the turn of the century, the Boston & Maine Railroad had taken over the route. In 1903, they constructed the current Wells River Bridge to replace the aging wooden structure. This new bridge was designed to accommodate both rail and road traffic, ensuring the continued flow of commerce and travel across the Connecticut River.
However, the dual-purpose nature of the bridge was short-lived. In 1917, road traffic was diverted to a new structure located just downstream, known as the Ranger Bridge. This separation allowed the Wells River Bridge to focus primarily on railroad operations.
Decline and Current Status
The railroad continued to utilize the bridge for several decades. Its final period of active service concluded no later than 2001. During that year, the bridge saw a brief return to vehicle use as a temporary measure while the Ranger Bridge underwent rehabilitation.
Since 2007, the Wells River Bridge has remained unused and is currently fenced off to prevent access.
Key Facts
- First Bridge: Built in 1805.
- 1853 Structure: A double-decked wooden Burr truss covered bridge.
- Current Bridge: Built in 1903 by the Boston & Maine Railroad.
- Traffic Shift: Road traffic moved to the Ranger Bridge in 1917.
- Final Use: Last used for vehicles in 2001 during Ranger Bridge repairs.
- Current Status: Fenced off and unused as of 2007.
| Year | Event/Structure | Primary Operator/Owner |
|---|---|---|
| 1805 | First bridge constructed | Not specified |
| 1853 | Double-decked Burr truss bridge built | Boston, Concord, & Montreal Railroad |
| 1903 | Current bridge constructed | Boston & Maine Railroad |
| 1917 | Road traffic moved to Ranger Bridge | Boston & Maine Railroad (Rail) |
| 2001 | Temporary vehicle use for rehabilitation | Not specified |
| 2007 | Bridge fenced off and unused | Not specified |
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a Burr truss covered bridge?
A Burr truss is a structural design that integrates a wooden arch with a truss system to increase the bridge's load-bearing capacity and stability.
Who built the bridge that stands today?
The current bridge was constructed in 1903 by the Boston & Maine Railroad.
Why was the Ranger Bridge built?
The Ranger Bridge was built downstream to take over road traffic, which was rerouted away from the Wells River Bridge in 1917.
Is the Wells River Bridge still in use?
No, as of 2007, the bridge is fenced off and no longer used for rail or road traffic.
When was the last time vehicles crossed the Wells River Bridge?
Vehicles last used the bridge in 2001 while the nearby Ranger Bridge was being rehabilitated.