National Route 3: A Major Highway Connecting Kyūshū's Key Cities
National Route 3, known in Japan as Kokudō San-gō, serves as a vital transportation artery on the island of Kyūshū. Spanning a significant distance across the southern part of the country, this highway facilitates travel between several of the island's most important prefectural capitals and urban centers.
From the bustling northern hub of Kitakyūshū to the southern city of Kagoshima, Route 3 provides a continuous link through the diverse landscapes of Fukuoka, Saga, Kumamoto, and Kagoshima prefectures. It is a cornerstone of the Japanese national highway system, supporting both local commerce and regional transit.
Key Facts
- Total Length: 392.1 km (243.6 mi)
- Northern Terminus: Moji-ku, Kitakyūshū (connecting with National Route 2)
- Southern Terminus: Kagoshima (connecting with Routes 10, 224, 225, 226, and the origin of Route 58)
- Major Cities Served: Kitakyūshū, Fukuoka, Kurume, Kumamoto, and Kagoshima
- Established: 4 December 1952
Route Overview and Geography
National Route 3 traverses the heart of Kyūshū, acting as a lifeline for the major cities it connects. The route begins in Moji-ku, Kitakyūshū, where it meets National Route 2. From there, it travels southward, passing through the metropolitan areas of Fukuoka and Kurume before crossing into Saga and Kumamoto prefectures.
As the highway continues its journey, it reaches the city of Kumamoto and eventually concludes its 392.1 km trek in Kagoshima. Along the way, travelers pass through a variety of municipalities, including Dazaifu, Yatsushiro, and Satsumasendai, making it a route of significant regional importance.
Route Summary Table
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Total Distance | 392.1 km |
| Northern End | Moji-ku, Kitakyūshū |
| Southern End | Kagoshima |
| Primary Prefectures | Fukuoka, Saga, Kumamoto, Kagoshima |
Historical Development
The history of National Route 3 is tied to the evolution of Japan's national road classification system. It was originally designated as First Class National Highway 3 on 4 December 1952, spanning the distance from Kitakyūshū to Kagoshima. On 1 April 1965, the designation was updated to General National Highway 3, a classification that remains in effect today.
Overlapping Sections and Intersections
Because of its importance, National Route 3 frequently shares its path with other major highways. These overlapping sections mean that for certain stretches, multiple route numbers apply to the same physical road. Notable overlaps include:
- Route 10: From the Oimatsu-Park intersection in Kitakyūshū to the Mihagino intersection in Kokurakita-ku.
- Route 325: From Kurume to the Chuo Street intersection in Yamaga.
- Route 208: From the Ueki-machi Mouno intersection to the Suido-cho intersection in Kumamoto.
- Route 57: From the Chikami-machi intersection in Kumamoto to the Matsuwara intersection in Uto.
- Route 328: From the Koyamada-chō intersection to the Terukuni Shrine intersection in Kagoshima.
Other overlaps occur with Routes 443, 218, 219, and various segments within the Kumamoto and Kagoshima regions.
Frequently Asked Questions
Where does National Route 3 start and end?
The route originates in Moji-ku, Kitakyūshū, at the terminus of National Route 2, and ends in Kagoshima, where it meets several other routes including National Route 10 and Route 58.
Which major cities are on this route?
The highway connects several major urban centers, including Kitakyūshū, Fukuoka, Kurume, Kumamoto, and Kagoshima.
How long is National Route 3?
The total length of the highway is 392.1 kilometers (approximately 243.6 miles).
What prefectures does the route pass through?
National Route 3 passes through four Japanese prefectures: Fukuoka, Saga, Kumamoto, and Kagoshima.
When was the highway first established?
It was first established as a First Class National Highway on 4 December 1952.