China Census Results: A Comprehensive Look at Population and Demographics
The most recent comprehensive census provides a detailed snapshot of the demographic landscape of China. As of November 1, 2020, the population of mainland China stood at 1,411,778,724. When including the Special Administrative Regions, the data shows Hong Kong had a population of 7,474,200 and Macau had 683,218 by the end of 2020.
Beyond the total headcount, the census reveals critical insights into the age distribution, gender balance, and educational attainment across various provinces and municipalities, highlighting the diversity of the region's human capital.
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Key Facts
- Total Mainland Population: Over 1.41 billion people.
- Gender Split: The mainland population is 51.24% female and 48.76% male.
- Age Structure: The largest age group is those aged 15 to 59, comprising 63.35% of the population.
- Education: Middle school is the most common highest education level at 34.51%.
- Immigration: There are 1,430,695 immigrants, consisting of 845,697 foreign nationals and 584,998 residents from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan.
Regional Population Distribution
Population density varies significantly across the mainland. Guangdong is the most populous province with 126,012,510 residents, followed by Shandong (101,527,453) and Henan (99,365,519). In contrast, regions like Tibet (3,648,100) and Qinghai (5,923,957) have the lowest resident populations.
Age and Gender Trends
The gender ratio remains relatively stable across most regions, though some variations exist. For instance, Guangdong shows a higher female percentage at 53.07%. Age demographics also shift by region; for example, Shanghai has a higher proportion of residents aged 60 and above (23.38%) compared to Tibet, where only 8.52% of the population falls into this category.
Educational Attainment
Education levels vary sharply between urban hubs and rural provinces. Beijing leads in higher education, with 41.98% of its population having reached college level. Conversely, provinces like Yunnan and Tibet show higher percentages of residents whose highest education is elementary school (35.67% and 32.11%, respectively).
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Demographic Summary Table
| Metric | Mainland China Total | Highest Region | Lowest Region |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 1,411,778,724 | Guangdong (126M+) | Tibet (3.6M+) |
| Female (%) | 51.24% | Guangdong (53.07%) | Liaoning/Jilin (49.92%) |
| Age 15-59 (%) | 63.35% | Guangdong (68.80%) | Henan (58.79%) |
| College Education (%) | 15.47% | Beijing (41.98%) | Tibet (11.02%) |
Frequently Asked Questions
What was the total population of mainland China in 2020?
As of November 1, 2020, the population of mainland China was 1,411,778,724.
Which province has the highest population?
Guangdong is the most populous province, with a resident population of 126,012,510.
What is the most common education level in mainland China?
The most common highest education level is middle school, which accounts for 34.51% of the population.
How many immigrants live in China according to the census?
There are 1,430,695 immigrants, which includes 845,697 foreign nationals and 584,998 residents from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan.
Which region has the highest percentage of college-educated residents?
Beijing has the highest percentage of college-educated residents at 41.98%.