Asia House: A Masterpiece of Edwardian Baroque Architecture in Manchester
Standing prominently at 82 Princess Street in Manchester, England, Asia House is a striking example of early 20th-century industrial design. Built between 1906 and 1909, this former packing and shipping warehouse showcases the grandeur of the Edwardian Baroque style, blending functional commercial utility with opulent architectural flourishes.
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Key Facts
- Location: 82 Princess Street, Manchester, England.
- Architectural Style: Edwardian Baroque.
- Construction Period: 1906–1909.
- Heritage Status: Grade II* listed building (designated October 2, 1974).
- Original Purpose: Packing and shipping warehouse for the Refuge Assurance Company.
- Current Use: Residential apartments (converted in 2003).
Architectural Design and Construction
Asia House was designed on a trapezoidal plan, consisting of two linked blocks. The structure rises six storeys high, topped with an attic and supported by a double basement. The building's exterior is a sophisticated mix of materials: the main façade features pink-brown sandstone, brick, and marble, while the side elevations—which originally housed service and worker entrances—utilize glazed white brick, and the rear is constructed from common brick.
The interior is noted for its exceptional luxury. The entrance hall and stairwell are described as "exceptionally rich," featuring veined marble and green and cream faience (glazed ceramic tiles), complemented by Art Nouveau stained glass depicting tree designs.
While English Heritage attributes the design to Harry S. Fairhurst, architectural historian Nikolaus Pevsner suggests it was designed by I.R.E. Birkett. Birkett is also credited with the design of the neighboring Manchester House (No. 86), a similar Grade II listed building. Together, these structures serve as splendid examples of warehouses designed for multiple shipping merchants.
Industrial Function and Layout
Originally built for the Refuge Assurance Company, Asia House was occupied in 1910 by the Oxford Packing Company and 36 different shipping merchants. The layout followed a common design for high-end warehouses of the era, intended to impress clients while maintaining industrial efficiency.
The Client Experience
The ground floor was typically raised, featuring a showroom and offices. The first floor housed additional offices, client waiting rooms, and sample and pattern rooms, all decorated lavishly to project success and quality to visiting customers.
The Working Engine
In contrast to the ornate lower floors, the upper levels were plain, designed with large windows to maximize natural light for workers. The building operated using Manchester's advanced hydraulic power system; orders were packed on the upper floors and sent via hoists to the basement. There, hydraulic presses packed goods into bales before they were dispatched through loading bays located between the two main blocks.
| Feature | Detail |
|---|---|
| Official Name | Asia House |
| Address | 82 Princess Street, Manchester |
| Year Built | 1906–1909 |
| Listing Grade | Grade II* |
| Reference Number | 1247432 |
| Primary Materials | Sandstone, Marble, Glazed Brick |
Modern Transition
As the shipping industry evolved, the building's purpose shifted. In 2003, Asia House was converted into residential apartments, with the original industrial basement now serving as a car park. The building's prestige continues to attract notable residents, including former occupant and Oasis singer-songwriter Noel Gallagher.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the architectural style of Asia House?
Asia House is built in the Edwardian Baroque style, characterized by its grand scale and ornate detailing, such as the use of sandstone and marble.
Who designed Asia House?
There are two attributions: English Heritage attributes the design to Harry S. Fairhurst, while Nikolaus Pevsner attributes it to I.R.E. Birkett.
What was the original use of the building?
It was built as a packing and shipping warehouse for the Refuge Assurance Company and was later used by the Oxford Packing Company and numerous shipping merchants.
What makes the interior of Asia House special?
The entrance hall and stairwell are particularly notable for their veined marble, green and cream faience, and Art Nouveau stained glass.
How was the warehouse powered in the early 20th century?
The warehouse utilized Manchester's hydraulic power system to operate hoists and presses for packing bales, and it was lighted by gas.